Eventos pasados

Nueva reforma académica

  YouTube: https://youtu.be/qSmdszP34T8 Video primera charla (4 de noviembre 2021):  

Seminario CEDE - Andrés Moya

Protecting caregivers and children from effects of violence, toxic stress, and deficits in maternal care is a key challenge in fragile and conflict-affected settings. In this paper we report the results from a randomized trial of Semillas de Apego, a community-based psychosocial model for mothers of young children among families affected by violence and forced displacement. The model aims to promote maternal mental health as an outcome itself but also as a pathway to foster the healthy child-mother emotional bonds and early childhood development. We implemented the model in Tumaco, Colombia a municipality torn by conflict and forced displacement and randomized the model across 18 Early Childhood Development Centers that serve vulnerable communities. Over 4 sequential cohorts, 1,372 caregivers participated in the evaluation, with 714 assigned to the treatment group and 662 to control. 83 percent of the participants had been directly victimized while 57 percent had been forcefully displaced by violence. Group-sessions were led by community members who did not have formal training or experience in psychosocial models but who were trained and supervised for this purpose. At the 8-month follow-up, we find positive impacts on the three core dimensions of the model: improvements of 0.14 standard deviations (sd) in a maternal mental health index; 0.24 sd in an index of child-mother interactions, and 0.19 sd in an early childhood development index. Despite this progress, we also find that the pandemic had a negative toll on maternal mental health and parenting stress regardless of the treatment status. Our findings speak to the need and feasibility of implementing quality psychosocial programs in fragile and conflict-affected settings but also on the importance of designing comprehensive strategies that address the different social and economic determinants of mental health.

Seminario PePe (políticas públicas) - Alejandra Martínez

Seminario CEDE - Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas

We estimate the impact of COVID-19 on business failures for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) using firm-level data in seventeen countries. Absent government support, the failure rate of SMEs would have increased by 9.1 percentage points, representing 4.6 percent of private sector employment. Resulting non-performing loans are modest, decreasing the riskweighted common equity Tier-1 capital ratio from 14.1 to 12 percent. Government support limited to “at-risk” firms would have low fiscal costs (0.8% of GDP). Less targeted policies such as government guaranteed loans are similarly effective, but substantially more expensive, with disbursed funds representing up to 5.8% of GDP.

Perspectivas sobre el futuro de América Latina

Panelistas: Carlos Felipe Jaramillo, Vicepresidente del Banco Mundial para la región de América Latina y el Caribe. Raquel Bernal, Rectora (e) de la Universidad de los Andes. Marcela Eslava, Decana de la Facultad de Economía de la Universidad de los Andes. Marc Hofstetter, Profesor de la Facultad de Economía de la Universidad de los Andes.

Seminario PePe (políticas públicas) - Pablo Andrés Neumeyer

We document the heterogeneous effect of covid-19 on health and economic outcomesin Bogot ?a and develop a quantitative dynamic general equilibrium model intertwinedwith a behavioral epidemiological model where society is divided in two groups. Peoplein high/low socioeconomic strata (SES) have a higher/lower human capital, have/notaccess to financial markets and lower/higher contact rates to shop, work, and sociallyinteract. We assess the distributional consequences of covid-19 and evaluate policiesthat restrict economic activity and re-distribute income. Restrictions on economicactivity reduce social welfare and have modest public health benefits. Re-distributivepolicies improve social welfare despite contracting economic activity and worseninghealth outcomes. In some cases, redistributive policies induce Pareto improvementsin social welfare. The positive predictions of the model are consistent with observedmacroeconomic aggregates and with epidemiological outcomes across social groups. InBogot ?a, a year into de epidemic, the prevalence ratio is two, infection fatality ratesare similar across social groups, and more disadvantaged people have a 50% higherexposure to contagion. In the model, the elasticity of consumption with respect tosocial distancing along an indifference curve at the peak of the epidemic is 2%. Thebenchmark welfare cost of the pandemic is 0.1% of steady state consumption for peoplein low SES and 1.22% for people in high SES.

Seminario CEDE - Andrea Velásquez

The inflow of migrants from El Salvador to the United States has increased persistently since 1980.  In spite of the intensification of immigration policies in the U.S. in the last decades, by 2017, 25% of people born in El Salvador were international migrants.  This paper shows that the temperature shocks the country has suffered in the last decade have been an important push-factor.  We find that temperature shocks negatively affected both agricultural production in El Salvador and the labor market of agricultural workers.  Labor markets act as a transmission mechanism of the negative impact of weather shocks on agricultural workers, who react by migrating internationally or switching to the non-agricultural sector. Moreover,  we  find  that access to remittances and migrant networks  help  to  alleviate  the negative  effects on production  caused  by  high  temperatures and therefore on the need to rely on international migration.  Our  results  suggest  that,  despite  the current anti-immigrant political climate,  high temperatures have been an important driver of rising international migration from El Salvador, and highlight that there should be a global responsibility relative to the consequences of climate change.

Seminario PePe (políticas públicas) - Arturo Ardila

Celebración cumpleaños 73 Uniandes y Fiesta del Bobo

  Agenda y mayores informes: Cumpleaños 73 de la Universidad y Fiesta del Bobo Facultad de Economía https://www.instagram.com/fiestadelbobo/